Henry Baker wrote a beautiful little paper (see
https://www.plover.com/~mjd/misc/hbaker-archive/ForthStack.html) showing
the mapping between Linear Lisp (a Lisp in which all variables are
referenced once and only once) and a Forth-style "frameless stack".  There
is also a discussion of Forth as a set of linear combinators: Manfred von
Thun's Joy https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joy_(programming_language) is a
Forth-like using nested lists in which the stack is the top-level list.